Namaste Sis Rina & Sis Yi Fang
Yi Fang, are you talking about the "if clause"?
If you don't mind, I'll try to answer your question, the references for these explanation below are gotten from: http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/if.htm ,
http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/if1.cfm ,
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conditional2.htm with some modifications.
You may check those websites for a more complete explanation or search from the google with the keyword: "if clause".
There are three types of the if-clauses.
Type I : Condition possible to fulfill (real conditional sentences); can be fulfilled if the condition in the if-clause is fulfilled.
Type II: unreal conditional sentences in the present - contrary to the fact at the present time.
Type III: unreal conditional sentences in the past. - contrary to the fact in the past.
PATTERNS:
type if clause main clause
I Simple Present will + infinitive
II Simple Past would + infinitive
III Past Perfect would + have + past participle
The Type 1 conditional, where the tense in the 'if clause is the simple present, and the tense in the main clause is the simple future.
Uses of the Conditional
1. First conditional
1. Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible.
2. Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time.
e.g. If he is late, we will have to go without him.
If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.
The Type 2 conditional, where the tense in the 'if' clause is the simple past, and the tense in the main clause is the past future tense.
Second conditional
1. Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations.
2. Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking about the present, now
e.g., If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said by a schoolboy: improbable)
The Type 3 conditional, where the tense in the 'if' clause is the past perfect, and the tense in the main clause is the past future perfect.
1. Nature: unreal
2. Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that was not so in the past.)
e.g. If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party. (But you didn't, and I have).
If you have any doubts about the English vocabularies, you may check them at: http://uuu.sederet.com/translate.php
Hope it helps.
Referensi penjelasan ini diambil dari link dibawah ini:
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/if.htm]http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/if.htm[/url] ,
http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/if1.cfm]http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/if1.cfm[/url] ,
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conditional2.htm]http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conditional2.htm[/url] with some modifications.
Ada 3 Tipe if-clause:
1. Tipe pertama : Kondisi yang memungkinkan untuk dipenuhi (kalimat pengandaian yang nyata); dapat dipenuhi jika kondisi dalam if-clause dipenuhi
2. Tipe Kedua : Kondisi tidak nyata dalam kehidupan sehari-hari-berlawanan dengan fakta kehidupan sehari-hari
3. Tipe Ketiga: Kondisi tidak nyata di masa lampau – berlawanan dengan fakta di masa lampau
Pola ;
Tipe if clause main clause[/b]
I Simple Present will + infinitive
II Simple Past would + infinitive
III Past Perfect would + have + past participle
Catatan:
Infinitive : verb 1 misalnya take, verb 1 tetap take.
Contoh tipe2 if clause:
1. Tipe Pertama
1. Kondisi terbuka, apa yang dikatakan bisa saja terjadi
2. Waktu: Kondisi tersebut mewakili kehidupan sehari-hari
Contoh: If he is late, we will have to go without him.
If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.
Jika dia telat, kami akan pergi tanpa dia
Jika ibu kami tahu mengenai hal ini, kami akan dapat masalah serius
2. Tipe kedua
Jika kondisi tersebut dalam bentuk masa lampau dan if-clause yang digunakan di masa lampau juga.
Kondisi yang tidak mungkin terjadi
Waktu : membicarakan masa kini tapi menggunakan kata di masa lampau
Contoh:
If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said by a schoolboy: improbable)
Jika saya menjadi presiden, saya akan merubah system keamanan social ( Kata seorang murid : kenyataannya tidak mungkin terjadi)
Tipe Ketiga:
Dimana tense yang digunakan if-clause adalah past perfect dan tense utama nya ada past future perfect
1. Keadaan: Tidak nyata
2. Waktu: Lampau(Past) – jadi kita membicarakan situasi dimana sebenarnya tidak terjadi benar di masa lampau
Contoh:
If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party. (But you didn't, and I have).
Jika (A) kamu telah memperingatiku, (B) aku tidak akan memberitahu ayahmu mengenai pesta itu (kenyataannya A tidak memperingati B dan B telah memberitahu ayahnya mengenai pesta itu)