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136
Sains / Aging Erodes Genetic Control, but That's Flexible
« on: 21 November 2013, 10:57:36 AM »
Nov. 20, 2013 — Biologists at Brown University have found a way to measure the effects of aging by watching the ebb and flow of chromatin, a structure along strands of DNA that either silences or permits gene expression. In several newly published experiments they show that gene silencing via chromatin in fruit flies declines with age.

 They also showed that administering life span extending measures to the flies, such as switching them to a lower calorie diet or increasing expression of the protein Sir2, restores the observed loss of gene silencing due to age.

"For many years it has been suggested that one of the issues that occurs with age, leading to cellular dysfunction, is that some genes that should be silenced lose that silencing," said Dr. Stephen Helfand, senior author of the study published online Nov. 15 in the journal Aging. "It hasn't been very well demonstrated to take place other than in yeast. So what we were trying to do in flies is see whether genes that are normally repressed lose their repression."
The answer they report is that the phenomenon is true in flies too.

The variegations of age

To achieve those findings, Helfand and lead author Nan Jiang exploited a phenomenon called "position effect variegation." PEV is the variation of a gene's expression that comes from the gene existing at the border between euchromatin, a loose wrapping of DNA that readily permits gene expression, and
heterochromatin, a tight wrapping that keeps it locked down. The scientists hypothesized that as organisms age, heterochromatin might recede, allowing more genes that had once been silenced to become exposed for expression -- like a seashell becoming revealed to a passing beachcomber as the tide recedes.

To test whether chromatin gene silencing declines with age, the researchers inserted "reporter" genes right at the border between heterochromatin and euchromatin in two specific parts of the flies' genomes. The reporter genes have the useful property of showing blue when expressed. If they aren't being silenced, their expression can be verified simply by applying a brief pulse of heat to the fly. The technique gave the researchers an
indicator of chromatin-related gene expression in individual cells, in individual tissues at any time during the life cycle of the fly.

As flies aged, the team found they became increasingly likely to express the reporter gene in those border regions between heterochromatin and euchromatin. For example, at 10 days of age 5 to 35 percent of cells in certain tissues showed expression of the reporter gene, but at 50 days of age, 40 to 80 percent of cells in those tissues showed expression. The team, including Guyu Du andt Ethan Tobias, who were Brown
undergraduates at the time, also directly measured the extent of heterochromatin in the regions oft the inserted genes over time. They found that heterochromatin in those areas indeed lessened with age.

Altering aging?

The next set of experiments showed that while time is relentless, this particular manifestation of aging was more flexible. The team treated some of their flies with a couple of interventions that in previous
research has been shown to extend life span. They wanted to see whether they affected heterochromatin and gene silencing.

One intervention was to over-express the gene that produces an enzyme called Sir2. In flies where they did that, gene silencing increased. The other intervention was to put flies on a reduced calorie diet. That, too, forestalled the decline of gene silencing with age.

In one last experiment, the researchers gave some flies a high- calorie diet and some a low-calorie diet and then switched their diet either at 20 or 30 days of age. What they found was that within 72 hours of switching diets, the flies' levels of gene silencing came to resemble
that of flies who had been on that diet all along. In other words, a flyy newly brought to a low-calorie diet would have the relatively high silencing of a fly that had always been on a low-calorie diet.


That result suggests that while gene silencing appears to erode with age naturally, it can be throttled back and forth with certain interventions.


"This gets at one molecular mechanism by which aging might be put off," said Helfand, who teaches in Brown's Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry.

In a recent study led by colleague Robert Reenan, Helfand showed that reducing RNA editing and thereby preserving heterochromatin in flies increased life span.

The fundamental biology he's observed in flies has a good chance of also being at play in humans, Helfand said. He noted a paper earlier this year by Brown colleague
John Sedivy, who along with mutual co-author Nicola Neretti, saw evidence in humans for a breakdown in heterochromatin and genetic control with age.

Still, humans would not tolerate interventions that work for flies, such as severe calorie restriction. Instead, the research suggests a possible line of research to develop more practical
interventions.

Finding benign ways to mimic the effects of calorie restriction to restore overall gene silencing, for instance, could ultimately become an alternative to treating the effects of unwanted expression of individual genes in aging patients.

"We're trying to return the cell to a more youthful heterochromatin state with the hope that that will improve normal cell physiology and combat the loss of cellular function with age," Helfand said.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/11/131120143752.htm


wah, wa rasa ini cocok di uphosatha sila support (restriced calorie intake)

137
Sains / Self healing Robot skin (from crack)
« on: 20 November 2013, 12:06:05 PM »


Robot skin:
 An electrically and mechanically self-healing composite with pressure- and flexion-sensitive properties for electronic skin applications

http://www.nature.com/nnano/journal/v7/n12/full/nnano.2012.192.html?WT.ec_id=NNANO-201212

penemuan yang di umumkan 11 november 2012 ini menginsipirasi penemuan di bawah ini

 Researchers create self-healing batteries inspired by artificial robot skin

http://www.engadget.com/2013/11/18/self-healing-batteries-silicon-robot-skin/

139


 Honda's Walking Assist is finally getting a large-scale test run in the US. The company has started clinical trials of the leg-boosting device at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, where it will (hopefully) help stroke victims regain their mobility. While Honda hasn't said how long the study will last, it could have a significant impact if it proves successful. Up to 80 percent of US stroke survivors have trouble walking quickly or smoothly, and Walking Assist's combination of hip sensors and motors could get some patients back to a normal stride.

http://www.engadget.com/2013/11/18/honda-starts-testing-walking-assist-device-in-us-trials/


140
Any laptop can break, but some manufacturers have a better track record than others. A 2012 study by SquareTrade , that looked at failure rates over the course of three years, found that Asus' electronics broke the least often (followed very closely by Toshiba) and HP's broke the most often. In fact, with HP, you had more than a one in four chance of getting a broken laptop in those three years. That may seem high, but even the best couldn't achieve a failure rate below 15%. Let's take a look at the rankings, from best to worst:


1. Asus: 15.6%
2. Toshiba: 15.7%
3. Sony : 16.8%
4. Apple: 17.4%
5. Dell: 18.3%
6. Lenovo: 21.5%
7. Acer: 23.3%
8. Gateway : 23.5%
9. HP: 25.6%

http://www.statisticbrain.com/laptop-malfunction-rates/


ericlimer]http://lifehacker.com/computer-manufacturers-ranked-how-to-pick-a-laptop-tha-1467145338/ [at] ericlimer

141


 Students from the Thomas Jefferson
High School for Science and Technology in Alexandria, Virginia, have spent the past seven years building a CubeSat that will hitch a ride on Orbital Sciences' Minotaur 1 rocket tonight. The so-called TJ3 Sat will enter orbit where it will then send and receive data; some of the data will even come from the public who can
submit texts through the project's website. If approved, the text will be beamed up to the CubeSat, converted into an audio file, and broadcast back to Earth over an amateur radio frequency. The satellite sounds pretty simple, but
remember: It was built by teenagers.

All in all, the Minotaur 1 rocket will carry a record 28 CubeSats, including the one from Jefferson High. It's a clear indication that we're entering a new era of fast, cheap, and hopefully-not-out-of-control satellite technology, where even the average citizen can conduct experiments in space. The tiny CubeSats are small
enough to fit in the palm of your hand
and can even be controlled with a smartphone . You don't even have to build them yourself. There's a company that actually rents its satellite to anyone
for just $250 a week

http://gizmodo.com/first-satellite-built-by-high-school-kids-is-heading-to-1467640783

http://www.popsci.com/article/science/first-satellite-built-high-school-students-launches-tonight

indonesia bisa tidak yah anak sekolah nya bikin satelit yang kemudian di kirim ke luar angkasa¿

142
THE GIST
- The human brain has decreased by about the size of a tennis ball over
the past 30,000 years.

- Evolution may be making our brains leaner and more efficient.

- The same phenomenon can be observed in domestic animals compared to their wild counterparts.

Human brains have shrunk over the past 30,000 years, puzzling scientists who argue it is not a sign we are growing dumber but that evolution is making the key motor leaner and more efficient.

The average size of modern humans

-- Homo sapiens -- has decreased
about 10 percent during that period-- from 1,500 to 1,359 cubic centimeters (91 to 83 cubic inches), the size of a tennis ball.

Women's brains, which are smaller on average than those of men, have experienced an equivalent drop in
size.

These measurements were taken using skulls found in Europe, the Middle East and Asia.
"I'd called that a major downsizing in an evolutionary eye blink," John Hawks of the University of Michigan told Discover magazine.
But other anthropologists note that brain shrinkage is not very surprising since the stronger and larger we are, the more gray matter we need to control this larger mass.
The Neanderthal, a cousin of the modern human who disappeared about 30 millennia ago for still unknown reasons, was far more massive and had a larger brain.

The Cro-Magnons who left cave paintings of large animals in the monumental Lascaux cave over 17,000 years ago were the Homo sapiens with the biggest brain. They were also stronger than their
modern descendants.

Psychology professor David Geary of the University of Missouri said these traits were necessary to survive in a hostile environment.
He has studied the evolution of skull sizes 1.9 million to 10,000 years old as our ancestors and cousins lived in an increasingly complex social environment.
Geary and his colleagues used population density as a measure of social complexity, with the hypothesis that the more humans are living closer together, the greater the exchanges between group, the division of labor and the rich and varied interactions between people.

They found that brain size decreased as population density increased.


"As complex societies emerged, the brain became smaller because people did not have to be as smart to stay alive," Geary told AFP.
But the downsizing does not mean modern humans are dumber than their ancestors -- rather, they simply developed different, more sophisticated forms of intelligence, said Brian Hare, an assistant professor of anthropology at Duke University.

He noted that the same phenomenon can be observed in domestic animals compared to their wild counterparts.

http://news.discovery.com/human/psychology/shrinking-brains-intelligence-110207.htm

143


 Counter to everything you've ever
been told, it appears that wrapping
babies' heads in plastic bags may
very well be the key to a full and
happy life—at least for those born of
obstructed labor, anyway. And
what's more, this novel idea came
about from one of the most unlikely
sources: a car mechanic dreaming
about wine.

.
.
.
 Dr. Mario Merialdi, he W.H.O.'s chief coordinator for improving maternal and perinatal health, was one of the first to endorse the Odón Device. As he told The New York Times:

This problem needed someone like Jorge. An obstetrician would have tried to improve the forceps or the vacuum extractor, but obstructed labor needed a mechanic. And 10 years ago, this would not have been possible. Without
YouTube, he never would have seen the video.

http://gizmodo.com/car-mechanic-dreams-up-genius-baby-vacuum-to-ease-birth-1464475511

144
Sains / Student Finds Way to Boost Conductivity 400x Totally by Accident
« on: 15 November 2013, 04:16:08 PM »


 Like a modern Henri Becquerel Washington State University doctoral student Marianne Tarun's discovery came quite by accident. Her simple lab error has uncovered a new way to boost electrical conductivity of a crystal by 40,000 percent, simply by exposing it to light.

Tarun had accidentally left a sample of strontium titanate out on a counter before testing the crystal's conductivity and discovering the phenomenon. Her team suspects that photons knock loose electrons which boost the material's
conductivity. Her follow up tests confirmed the effect and found that as little as 10 minutes of light exposure could propagate the effect for days on end.

Known as persistent photoconductivity, it's nowhere near the level of electrical throughput of what super-conducting materials can achieve. However, it does hold a great deal of practical potential. For one, the effect works at room temperature unlike superconductors which only function at a fraction of a
degree from absolute zero.

"The discovery of this effect at room temperature opens up new possibilities for practical devices,"
said Matthew McCluskey, co-author of the paper and chair of WSU's physics department, in a press statement. "In standard computer memory, information is stored on the surface of a computer chip or hard drive. A device using persistent photoconductivity, however, could store information throughout the entire volume of a crystal." This could eventually lead to massive
increases in data capacity and, hopefully, a Krypton-style storage medium.

http://gizmodo.com/student-finds-a-way-to-boost-conductivity-400-percent-t-1464535001

145
Gadget dan Toys / The Nasal Ranger Field Olfactometer
« on: 15 November 2013, 03:58:37 PM »


 Yes, in order to better investigate odor complaints, Denver Police are using a bizarre-looking nose telescope that quantifies the stinkiness of stinky stinks. The Nasal Ranger Field Olfactometer, designed and manufactured by the family- owned, Minnesota-based business
St. Croix Sensory, is actually a rather ingenious device. To function, a dial operated mixer delivers varying ratios of filtered and full-flavor air to the operator's nose. Meek odors wash out when mixed with small amounts of purified air, while a particularly stinky smell can still remain detectable in a 500:1 mix.

 To facilitate its use and application, the ingenious smelloscope offers an ODOR TRACK'R GPS-powered app, storing data from every sniff check to create a stink-map. Perfect for keeping an eye (or a nose) on repeat olfactory offenders.
.




http://gizmodo.com/nasal-ranger-smelloscope-will-save-denver-from-stinky-1464506344

146


 Though it may look like a deer,
though it may move like a deer and
though it may even smell like a
deer... it still might just be a robotic
deer that officials use to catch
illegal deer hunters. Like the robot
deer above, who totally looks like a
normal deer but actually got a
hunter who shot the robot in the
neck arrested.

caseychan] http://sploid.gizmodo.com/a-robot-deer-catches-illegal-hunters-who-shoot-at-it-1464905654/ [at] caseychan

147
Teknologi Informasi / Berhubungan dengan personal computer (PC)?
« on: 04 November 2013, 02:14:08 PM »
oke karena lama tidak menggunakan pc jadi kadang kadang kagok.


pc ku menggunakan win7 rada jadul sih masih 32 bit.

Toh pikir pikir bukan untuk grafis, kebanyakan jadi storage data saja.


masalah nya banyak malware sekarang terutama dari adplay (sampai 450 lebih item).

kalian menggunakan anti virus atau anti malware apa sih?


148
wah ternyata internet mempunyai sisi terdalam namanya deep web, tidak bisa diakses secara normal bahkan tidak terdaftar dalam google hanya ada di TOR network.

ada website yang nama nya "Silk road" (hanya dengar  namanya), transaksi disana menggunakan bitcoin.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_Road_(marketplace)

http://techcrunch.com/2013/03/19/secpoint-will-allow-you-to-access-the-secretive-silk-road-black-market-from-any-browser/


hebat juga bisa buat seperti ini yah! nanti pasti banyak bikin website seperti ini
kabar nya ada sister website armory yang menjual senjata tapi kemudian di tutup karena kurang peminat nya.

149
Sekolah Buddhis dan Sekolah Minggu / Minds Map
« on: 20 September 2013, 08:48:36 PM »


bagi yang ingin mempelajari "Mind Map" silahkan di baca di url di bawah ini.

 A mind map is basically a diagram that connects information around a
central subject. I like to think of it like a tree, although it has more of a radial structure. In any case, at the center is your main idea, say, poetry,.and the branches are subtopics or related ideas, such as types of poetry, famous poets, and poetry.publications. Greater levels of detail branch out from there and branches can be linked together.

http://lifehacker.com/how-to-use-mind-maps-to-unleash-your-brains-creativity-1348869811

150


 But a profile of the lone gunman, a 34-year-old Aaron Alexis, was coming into focus. He was described as a Buddhist who had also had flares of rage, complained about the Navy and being a victim of discrimination and had several run-ins with law enforcement, including two shootings.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2421980/Washington-Naval-Yard-shooting-Aaron-Alexis-named-gunman-murdered-12-injured-15.html

 
 RAYNHAM, Massachusetts — The
former Navy reservist who authorities
say killed 12 people at the
Washington Navy Yard visited a
Buddhist temple in Massachusetts
last month where he talked about
hearing voices in his head, according
to a temple official.
Eang Tan, a board member at a Thai
Buddhist temple in Raynham, said
Aaron Alexis visited the house of
worship on Aug. 18.
Tan said that Alexis asked one of the
monks there if he could stay at the
temple overnight, but was told that
only monks were allowed to stay.
One of the monks then asked him
why he didn't stay in a hotel, Tan
said.
"He said he couldn't sleep there
because there was some noise in his
head — some voices," Tan said
Thursday.
Tan said a monk offered to let Alexis
sleep overnight in an old school
building nearby that is leased by
the temple. The next morning, Alexis
came back, thanked the monks and
left, Tan said.
"He spoke fluently in Thai," Tan said.
"He was calm and he was very polite
when he talked to the monk. There
was nothing strange or not normal
about him."

http://m.greenfieldreporter.com/view/story/a59cf1766ae443b0b9611bbde2e02304/US--Navy-Yard-Shooting-Mass

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