nb: yang saya post diatas cuma selingan aja
..
back to serious, kalau dibahas secara teori, stigmata menurut pandangan science:
For centuries, so-called "stigmatics" have amazed believers with their miraculous wounds, but skeptical analysis points to fraud.A devout Catholic, usually a woman, sits in the center of a circle of rapt believers, her eyes closed. As those gathered around her watch, blood oozes from her hands (or wrists) and feet, and sometimes also from a series of small cuts on her forehead, or a large wound in her side. The believers pray silently, exalting in the presence of one so pious, one who has supposedly been touched by the hand of God. The phenomenon of the stigmata — defined as displaying wounds synonymous with those inflicted upon Christ at his Crucifixion, as detailed in the Gospels — is controversial even within the Catholic Church, where nearly all stigmatics have been dismissed as non-miraculous. And for skeptics and others investigating the phenomena scientifically, the consensus suggests that all persons exhibiting the stigmata are likely frauds.
Famous StigmaticsAlthough the stigmata is allegedly a miraculous manifestation, it is interesting to note that the first stigmatic did not begin displaying symptoms until the thirteenth century, more than a millennium after Christ’s supposed crucifixion and coincidentally right around the time that iconography of the crucified Christ was beginning to be widespread. St. Francis of Assisi (1182-1226) is considered history’s first stigmatic, and to this day the only one to have his stigmata validated as genuine by the Catholic Church.
Later exhibitors of the phenomenon include Magdalena de la Cruz (1487-1560), who admitted during a serious illness that she had faked her stigmata; Maria de la Visitacion, a nun in Lisbon who in 1587 was caught painting wounds onto her hands; and Therese Neumann of Bavaria (1898-1962), who could only begin producing her stigmata while unobserved. By far the most famous of recent stigmatics was Padre Pio (1887-1968), who was canonized in 2002 (though not for his stigmata) and whose body is displayed in a crypt in San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. Padre Pio also claimed to be able to heal the sick, bilocate, and tell the future, though his stigmata seemed less impressive under examination. In many cases of stigmata, rigorous investigation has uncovered deliberate fraud, though some experts still argue for psychosomatic effects.
Psychosomatic DisordersProbably the least likely of the rational explanations for stigmata, psychosomatic disorders at least have the advantage of being scientifically plausible, and give stigmatics the benefit of assuming that they are not engaging in deliberate trickery. Some experts contend that some people who are devoutly religious or delusional, and who genuinely want to see a manifestation of their faith, will psychosomatically generate the desired wounds on their bodies. While this theory is admittedly farfetched, it is possible for some rare individuals to cause superficial wounds on their bodies through stress or sheer force of will. But skeptics point out that all investigated stigmatics have displayed symptoms more in line with having caused the wounds directly.
Self-Inflicted StigmataThe fact that no investigated stigmatics have ever displayed the phenomenon from start to finish in the presence of others is a strong indicator that the subjects are somehow inflicting the wounds upon themselves, probably in a very mundane way. The wounds on Padre Pio’s hands, for example, proved superficial when examined, even though believers had claimed that the wounds pierced his hands completely. He often wore gloves, causing suspicions that he was preventing himself from having to constantly maintain the wounds; tellingly, his hands were wound-free at his death. In the past few years, there has been a great deal of attention paid to Padre Pio’s alleged use of carbolic acid to keep his self-inflicted wounds open.
Skeptics also point to a more recent case, that of Canadian Lillian Bernas, whose wounds are likewise superficial, begin to clot right away as if very recently inflicted, and are generally of the least convincing nature possible; her “crown of thorns” wounds only appear on the front of her head, and though she claims to manifest Christ’s lance wound in her side, she has never shown this wound to her followers. The lance wound, in any case, is usually the least likely wound for stigmatics to exhibit; not only is it harder to fake, but the Bible does not specify which side of Christ’s body the wound was on. St. Francis opted for the right side, while Padre Pio opted for the left.
Chemical Faking of StigmataIf wannabe stigmatics don’t want to actually cut or scrape themselves to draw blood, and if they know they aren’t going to be examined too closely, there are a couple of chemical methods that can be used to conjure up believable stigmata. On a recent TV show on the National Geographic Channel called "Is It Real? Stigmata", two experts demonstrated the use of caustic soda, or sodium hydroxide, to cause mild chemical burns in the shape of crosses. They also demonstrated a completely pain-free stigmata experience: On one hand smear a little iron chloride, and on the other potassium thiocyanate. Allow both colorless chemicals to dry. Then press your hands together, and the chemical reaction will cause convincing blood-red smears on both palms.
Additional Sources:
Nickell, Joe. "Padre Pio: Wonderworker or Charlatan?" Skeptical Inquirer, September/October 2008: 19-21.
Wilson, Ian (1988). The Bleeding Mind: An Investigation into the Mysterious Phenomenon of Stigmata. Weidenfeld and Nicholson. ASIN: B0019S0G5G.
sumber
http://jenny-ashford.suite101.com/how-to-fake-stigmata-a142330intinya penjelasan diatas memakai trik kimiawi (jadi ingat film sherlock holmes)
kayak era 90an dulu waktu kecil saya suka liat sulap david copperfield, dan orang awam banyak bilang ada kontrak dgn iblis lah, satanic dll. Tapi sekarang semakin maju ada Gratest Magic Revealed jadi ketauan kalau itu murni trik & yg koar2 bilang setan, iblis ga kedengaran lagi..
mungkin ada yang menambahkan penjelasan versi pro/kontra lainnya?
Topic: BAGAIMANA TANGGAPAN ANDA TENTANG "STIGMATA" (Read 4148 times)